Agroecosystem Service Capacity Index – A methodological approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.201864Keywords:
Agroecosystems, agroecosystem services, land cover classes, food systemAbstract
ustainable food systems (FS) require providing food and other goods and services to humans satisfying food security, right to food, income, social justice and resilience, without degrading human health and hiving high environmental performance. The environmental performance of FS can be evaluated using Life Cycle Assessment. However, research on the impact that FS activities, e.g. crop production have on the capacity of farm-based agroecosystems to provide goods and services to humans is still incipient. Our underlying aim was to understand how FS impact on the provision of agroecosystem services and how this relates to the environmental performance of FS, as a basis for supporting decision-making on how to make FS more sustainable. We propose the Agroecosystem Service Capacity (ASC) as a method for assessing farmbased agroecosystem services, it builds on the Ecosystem Service Matrix by Burkhard et al. (2009) and assesses land cover classes against 20 agroecosystem services. The method was applied to eighteen farmbased agroecosystems in Bolivia and Kenya. Here we present two examples for exploring its potentials and limitations. The ASC operates on the basis of land cover class units and permits the calculation of an aggregate ASC-index for farm-based agroecosystems forming part of a specific FS.
References
Africover multipurpose land cover database for kenya. (2003). Africover Multipurpose Land Cover Database for Kenya,
Convention on biologial diversity. (1992).
The agriclurue act (cap 318) agriculture (farm forestry) rules, 2009. (2009).
Altieri, M. A. (1999). Bases científicas para una agricultura sustentable. Agroecología: Bases Científicas Para Una Agricultura Sustentable,
Altieri, M. A. (1999). The ecological role of biodiversity in agroecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 74(1-3), 19-31. doi:10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00028-6
Biel, R. (2016). Sustainable food systems. Sustainable Food Systems: The Role of the City,
Burkhard, B., Kandziora, M., Hou, Y., & Müller, F. (2014). Ecosystem service potentials, flows and demands-concepts for spatial localisation, indication and quantification. Landscape Online, 34(1), 1-32. doi:10.3097/LO.201434
Burkhard, B., Kroll, F., Müller, F., & Windhorst, W. (2009). Landscapes' capacities to provide ecosystem services - A concept for land-cover based assessments. Landscape Online, 15(1), 1-22. doi:10.3097/LO.200915
Burkhard, B., Kroll, F., Nedkov, S., & Müller, F. (2012). Mapping ecosystem service supply, demand and budgets. Ecological Indicators, 21, 17-29. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.06.019
Capra, F. (1996). The Web of Life,
Cardinale, B. J., Duffy, J. E., Gonzalez, A., Hooper, D. U., Perrings, C., Venail, P., . . . Naeem, S. (2012). Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity. Nature, 486(7401), 59-67. doi:10.1038/nature11148
Carvalheiro, L. G., Seymour, C. L., Veldtman, R., & Nicolson, S. W. (2010). Pollination services decline with distance from natural habitat even in biodiversity-rich areas. Journal of Applied Ecology, 47(4), 810-820. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01829.x
Colonna, P., Fournier, S., Touzard, J. M., Abécassis, J., Broutin, C., Chabrol, D., . . . Trystram, G. (2013). Food systems. Food System Sustainability: Insights from Dualine, , 69-100.
Conway, G. R. (1985). Agroecosystem analysis. Agricultural Administration, 20(1), 31-55. doi:10.1016/0309-586X(85)90064-0
Conway, G. R. (1987). The properties of agroecosystems. Agricultural Systems, 24(2), 95-117. doi:10.1016/0308-521X(87)90056-4
de Groot, R. S., Alkemade, R., Braat, L., Hein, L., & Willemen, L. (2010). Challenges in integrating the concept of ecosystem services and values in landscape planning, management and decision making. Ecological Complexity, 7(3), 260-272. doi:10.1016/j.ecocom.2009.10.006
De Groot, R. S., Wilson, M. A., & Boumans, R. M. J. (2002). A typology for the classification, description and valuation of ecosystem functions, goods and services. Ecological Economics, 41(3), 393-408. doi:10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00089-7
de la Vega-Leinert, A. C. (2014). Can UNESCO biosphere reserves bridge the apparent gap between land sharing and land sparing? Global Land Project NEWS, 10, 21-24.
de la Vega-Leinert, A. C., & Clausing, P. (2016). Peasant agroecological systems as new frontiers of exploitation? Environment and Society: Advances in Research, 7(1), 50-70. doi:10.3167/ares.2016.070104
De Schutter, O. (2014). Final report: The transformative potential of the right to food. report of the special rapporteur on the right to food. UN: A/HRC/25/57. The Transformative Potential of the Right to Food,
Di Gregorio, A., & Jansen, L. J. M. (2000). Land Cover Classification System (LCCS): Classification Concepts and User Manual,
Dominati, E. J., Robinson, D. A., Marchant, S. C., Bristow, K. L., & Mackay, A. D. (2014). Natural capital, ecological infrastructure, and ecosystem services in agroecosystems. Encyclopedia of agriculture and food systems (pp. 245-264) doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52512-3.00243-6
Duru, M., Therond, O., & Fares, M. (2015). Designing agroecological transitions; A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 35(4), 1237-1257. doi:10.1007/s13593-015-0318-x
Ericksen, P. J. (2008). Conceptualizing food systems for global environmental change research. Global Environmental Change, 18(1), 234-245. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.09.002
Ericksen, P. J., Said, M. Y., de Leeuw, J., Silvestri, S., Zaibet, L., Kifugo, S. C., . . . Stickler, M. (2011). Mapping and Valuing Ecosystem Services in the Ewaso Ng'Iro Watershed,
Fang, X., Zhao, W., Fu, B., & Ding, J. (2015). Landscape service capability, landscape service flow and landscape service demand: A new framework for landscape services and its use for landscape sustainability assessment. Progress in Physical Geography, 39(6), 817-836. doi:10.1177/0309133315613019
FAO. (2013). Sustainability assessment of food and agriculture systems (SAFA): Guidelines, version 3.0. Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture Systems (SAFA): Guidelines, Version 3.0,
FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, & WHO. (2017). The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2017. building resilience for peace and food security. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2017,
Fischer, J., Abson, D. J., Butsic, V., Chappell, M. J., Ekroos, J., Hanspach, J., . . . von Wehrden, H. (2014). Land sparing versus land sharing: Moving forward. Conservation Letters, 7(3), 149-157. doi:10.1111/conl.12084
Fischer, J., Brosi, B., Daily, G. C., Ehrlich, P. R., Goldman, R., Goldstein, J., . . . Tallis, H. (2008). Should agricultural policies encourage land sparing or wildlife-friendly farming? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 6(7), 380-385. doi:10.1890/070019
Foley, J. A., DeFries, R., Asner, G. P., Barford, C., Bonan, G., Carpenter, S. R., . . . Snyder, P. K. (2005). Global consequences of land use. Science, 309(5734), 570-574. doi:10.1126/science.1111772
Foley, J. A., Ramankutty, N., Brauman, K. A., Cassidy, E. S., Gerber, J. S., Johnston, M., . . . Zaks, D. P. M. (2011). Solutions for a cultivated planet. Nature, 478(7369), 337-342. doi:10.1038/nature10452
Fouilleux, E., Bricas, N., & Alpha, A. (2017). ‘Feeding 9 billion people’: Global food security debates and the productionist trap. Journal of European Public Policy, 24(11), 1658-1677. doi:10.1080/13501763.2017.1334084
Garbach, K., Milder, J. C., Montenegro, M., Karp, D. S., & DeClerck, F. A. J. (2014). Biodiversity and ecosystem services in agroecosystems. Encyclopedia of agriculture and food systems (pp. 21-40) doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52512-3.00013-9
García-Nieto, A. P., García-Llorente, M., Iniesta-Arandia, I., & Martín-López, B. (2013). Mapping forest ecosystem services: From providing units to beneficiaries. Ecosystem Services, 4, 126-138. doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.03.003
Gliessman, S. R. (2007). Agroecology: The Ecology of Sustainable Food Systems,
Green, R. E., Cornell, S. J., Scharlemann, J. P. W., & Balmford, A. (2005). Farming and the fate of wild nature. Science, 307(5709), 550-555. doi:10.1126/science.1106049
Grieg-Gran, M., & Gemmill-Herren, B. (2012). Handbook for participatory socioeconomic evaluation of pollinator-friendly practices. Handbook for Participatory Socioeconomic Evaluation of Pollinator-Friendly Practices,
Griffon, D. (2008). Estimación de la biodiversidad en agroecología. Agroecología, 3, 25-31.
Haines-Young, R., & Potschin, M. (2013). Common international classification of ecosystem services (CICES): Consultation on version 4, august-december 2012. Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES): Consultation on Version 4,
Hart, R. D. (1985). Conceptos Básicos Sobre Agroecosistemas,
Horlings, L. G., & Marsden, T. K. (2011). Towards the real green revolution? exploring the conceptual dimensions of a new ecological modernisation of agriculture that could 'feed the world'. Global Environmental Change, 21(2), 441-452. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.01.004
Jacobi, J., Schneider, M., Bottazzi, P., Pillco, M., Calizaya, P., & Rist, S. (2015). Agroecosystem resilience and farmers' perceptions of climate change impacts on cocoa farms in alto beni, bolivia. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 30(2), 170-183. doi:10.1017/S174217051300029X
Koschke, L., Fürst, C., Frank, S., & Makeschin, F. (2012). A multi-criteria approach for an integrated land-cover-based assessment of ecosystem services provision to support landscape planning. Ecological Indicators, 21, 54-66. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.12.010
Kyösti, A., & Olli, S. (2013). Classification of agricultural ecosystem goods and services in finland. Classification of Agricultural Ecosystem Goods and Services in Finland,
Lee, J. S. H., Garcia-Ulloa, J., Ghazoul, J., Obidzinski, K., & Koh, L. P. (2014). Modelling environmental and socio-economic trade-offs associated with land-sparing and land-sharing approaches to oil palm expansion. Journal of Applied Ecology, 51(5), 1366-1377. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12286
Lescourret, F., Magda, D., Richard, G., Adam-Blondon, A. -., Bardy, M., Baudry, J., . . . Soussana, J. -. (2015). A social-ecological approach to managing multiple agro-ecosystem services. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 14, 68-75. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2015.04.001
Lin, B. B. (2011). Resilience in agriculture through crop diversification: Adaptive management for environmental change. Bioscience, 61(3), 183-193. doi:10.1525/bio.2011.61.3.4
López-Ridaura, S., Van Keulen, H., Van Ittersum, M. K., & Leffelaar, P. A. (2005). Multiscale methodological framework to derive criteria and indicators for sustainability evaluation of peasant natural resource management systems. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 7(1), 51-69. doi:10.1007/s10668-003-6976-x
Ma, F., Eneji, A., & Liu, J. (2015). Assessment of ecosystem services and dis-services of an agro-ecosystem based on extended emergy framework: A case study of luancheng county, north china. Ecological Engineering, 82, 241-251. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.04.100
Malinga, R., Gordon, L. J., Jewitt, G., & Lindborg, R. (2015). Mapping ecosystem services across scales and continents - A review. Ecosystem Services, 13, 57-63. doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2015.01.006
Manning, P., Van Der Plas, F., Soliveres, S., Allan, E., Maestre, F. T., Mace, G., . . . Fischer, M. (2018). Redefining ecosystem multifunctionality. Nature Ecology and Evolution, 2(3), 427-436. doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0461-7
Mastrangelo, M. E., Weyland, F., Villarino, S. H., Barral, M. P., Nahuelhual, L., & Laterra, P. (2014). Concepts and methods for landscape multifunctionality and a unifying framework based on ecosystem services. Landscape Ecology, 29(2), 345-358. doi:10.1007/s10980-013-9959-9
McIntyre, B. D., Herren, H. R., Wakhungu, J., & Watson, R. T. (2009). Agriculture at A Crossroads,
Nelson, E., Mendoza, G., Regetz, J., Polasky, S., Tallis, H., Cameron, D. R., . . . Shaw, M. R. (2009). Modeling multiple ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation, commodity production, and tradeoffs at landscape scales. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 7(1), 4-11. doi:10.1890/080023
Peano, C., Migliorini, P., & Sottile, F. (2014). A methodology for the sustainability assessment of agri-food systems: An application to the slow food presidia project. Ecology and Society, 19(4) doi:10.5751/ES-06972-190424
Perfecto, I., Vandermeer, J., & Wright, A. (2009). Nature's matrix: Linking agriculture, conservation and food sovereignty. Nature's matrix: Linking agriculture, conservation and food sovereignty (pp. 1-242) doi:10.4324/9781849770132
Petter, M., Mooney, S., Maynard, S. M., Davidson, A., Cox, M., & Horosak, I. (2013). A methodology to map ecosystem functions to support ecosystem services assessments. Ecology and Society, 18(1) doi:10.5751/ES-05260-180131
Phalan, B., Onial, M., Balmford, A., & Green, R. E. (2011). Reconciling food production and biodiversity conservation: Land sharing and land sparing compared. Science, 333(6047), 1289-1291. doi:10.1126/science.1208742
Porter, J., Costanza, R., Sandhu, H., Sigsgaard, L., & Wratten, S. (2009). The value of producing food, energy, and ecosystem services within an agro-ecosystem. Ambio, 38(4), 186-193. doi:10.1579/0044-7447-38.4.186
Power, A. G. (2010). Ecosystem services and agriculture: Tradeoffs and synergies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 365(1554), 2959-2971. doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0143
Rist, S., & Jacobi, J. (2016). Selection of Food Systems in Bolivia and Kenya and Methods of Analysis, , 24.
Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin, F. S., Lambin, E. F., . . . Foley, J. A. (2009). A safe operating space for humanity. Nature, 461(7263), 472-475. doi:10.1038/461472a
Sinare, H., Gordon, L. J., & Enfors Kautsky, E. (2016). Assessment of ecosystem services and benefits in village landscapes – A case study from burkina faso. Ecosystem Services, 21, 141-152. doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.08.004
Steffen, W., Persson, Å., Deutsch, L., Zalasiewicz, J., Williams, M., Richardson, K., . . . Svedin, U. (2011). The anthropocene: From global change to planetary stewardship. Ambio, 40(7), 739-761. doi:10.1007/s13280-011-0185-x
Steffen, W., Persson, Å., Deutsch, L., Zalasiewicz, J., Williams, M., Richardson, K., . . . Svedin, U. (2011). The anthropocene: From global change to planetary stewardship. Ambio, 40(7), 739-761. doi:10.1007/s13280-011-0185-x
Šūmane, S., Kunda, I., Knickel, K., Strauss, A., Tisenkopfs, T., Rios, I. D. I., . . . Ashkenazy, A. (2018). Local and farmers' knowledge matters! how integrating informal and formal knowledge enhances sustainable and resilient agriculture. Journal of Rural Studies, 59, 232-241. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.01.020
Therond, O., Duru, M., Roger-Estrade, J., & Richard, G. (2017). A new analytical framework of farming system and agriculture model diversities. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 37(3) doi:10.1007/s13593-017-0429-7
Villamagna, A. M., Angermeier, P. L., & Bennett, E. M. (2013). Capacity, pressure, demand, and flow: A conceptual framework for analyzing ecosystem service provision and delivery. Ecological Complexity, 15, 114-121. doi:10.1016/j.ecocom.2013.07.004
Wiggering, H., Weißhuhn, P., & Burkhard, B. (2016). Agrosystem services: An additional terminology to better understand ecosystem services delivered by agriculture. Landscape Online, 49(1) doi:10.3097/LO.201649
Zhang, W., Ricketts, T. H., Kremen, C., Carney, K., & Swinton, S. M. (2007). Ecosystem services and dis-services to agriculture. Ecological Economics, 64(2), 253-260. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.02.024
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Horacio Augstburger, Johanna Jacobi, Gudrun Schwilch, Stephan Rist
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
